| Red Hat Linux 9: Red Hat Linux Getting Started Guide | ||
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14.2. Identifying and Working with File Types
extension. A file's extension is the last part of a file's name after the final dot (in the file sneakers.txt, "txt" is that file's extension).
Here is a brief listing of file extensions and their meanings:
14.2.1. Compressed and Archived Files
.bz2 — a file compressed with bzip2
.gz — a file compressed with gzip
.tar — a file archived with tar (short for tape archive), also known as a tar file
.tbz — a tarred and bzipped file
.tgz — a tarred and gzipped file.
.zip— a file compressed with ZIP compression, commonly found in MS-DOS applications. Most compressed files for Linux use the gzip compression, so finding a .zip archive for Linux files is rare.
For information on working with bzip2, gzip, and tar files, refer to Section 14.3 File Compression and Archiving.
14.2.2. File Formats
.au — an audio file
.gif — a GIF image file
.html/.htm — an HTML file
.jpg — a JPEG image file
.pdf — an electronic image of a document; PDF stands for Portable Document Format
.png — a PNG image file (short for Portable Network Graphic)
.ps — a PostScript file; formatted for printing
.txt — a plain ASCII text file
.wav — an audio file
.xpm — an image file
14.2.3. System Files
.conf — a configuration file. Configuration files sometimes use the .cfg extension, as well.
.lock — a lock file; determines whether a program or device is in use
.rpm — a Red Hat Package Manager file used to install software
14.2.4. Programming and Scripting Files
.c — a C program language source code file
.cpp — a C++ program language source code file
.h — a C or C++ program language header file
.o — a program object file
.pl — a Perl script
.py — a Python script
.so — a library file
.sh — a shell script
.tcl — a TCL script
be?
That is when the file command can be helpful.
For example, you find a file called saturday without an extension. Using the file command, you can tell what type of file it is by typing:
file saturday |
In the example, the command file saturday will display ASCII textcat, more, or less commands, or by using a text editor such as gedit or vi.
 | Tip |
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To learn more about file, read the man page by typing man file. |
For more information on helpful commands for reading files, see Chapter 13 Shell Prompt Basics.
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